History of
Bastar Dussehra

Introduction

Bastar Dussehra is not just a festival; it’s a profound cultural and spiritual experience that has been celebrated for over 600 years in the Bastar region of Chhattisgarh. Known as one of the longest festivals in the world, this event is deeply intertwined with the history, traditions, and beliefs of the local tribes and the ruling dynasties of the past. In this blog, we delve into the rich history of Bastar Dussehra , exploring its origins, cultural significance, and the rituals that have been passed down through generations.

The Origins of Bastar Dussehra : A Historical Overview

The origins of Bastar Dussehra are closely linked to the worship of Maa Danteshwari, the presiding deity of the region. The festival begins and ends with rituals dedicated to Maa Danteshwari, symbolizing the deep-rooted connection between the people of Bastar and their Kuldevi (family goddess). The festival’s history dates back to the 10th century when the Rajputs of the Ganga dynasty ruled the region. Over time, the festival evolved, absorbing influences from the Naga and Kaktiya dynasties, who contributed to the spiritual and cultural fabric of Bastar Dussehra .

Maa Danteshwari and the Shakti Peethas: A Sacred Connection

Maa Danteshwari, a form of Maa Durga, is one of the 52 Shakti Peethas in India, making her temple in Dantewada a significant pilgrimage site. According to ancient legends, the temple was established at the spot where a tooth of Devi Sati fell, making it a revered Shakti Peetha. The temple’s association with Bastar Dussehra began when Raja Annamdev of the Kaktiya dynasty shifted his capital to Dantewada in the 14th century and established his Kuldevi, Maa Danteshwari, in the temple. This sacred connection between the goddess and the region laid the foundation for the grand celebration of Bastar Dussehra.

The Role of the Ruling Dynasties: Shaping the Festival’s Legacy

The festival’s evolution is deeply influenced by the ruling dynasties of Bastar. In the 15th century, Raja Purushottam Dev of the Kaktiya dynasty played a pivotal role in shaping the festival. After being coronated as the ruler of Bastar, he introduced the tradition of constructing grand chariots (Rathas) for the festival, a practice that continues to this day. The chariot procession, known as “Rath Parichalan,” is one of the most iconic events of Bastar Dussehra, symbolizing the unity of the tribes and their devotion to Maa Danteshwari.

Unique Rituals and Traditions: A Cultural Tapestry

Bastar Dussehra is renowned for its unique rituals that blend ancient customs with local traditions. From the Kaachangudi ritual, where a young girl is swung on thorns to satisfy the goddess, to the Jogi Bithai, where a man from the Halba tribe sits in vigil for nine days, the festival is a tapestry of diverse cultural practices. Each ritual holds deep significance and is performed with utmost devotion, reflecting the spiritual fervor of the people of Bastar.

The Enduring Legacy of Bastar Dussehra

Today, Bastar Dussehra stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of the region’s rich cultural heritage. The festival not only celebrates the triumph of good over evil but also serves as a reminder of the deep spiritual connection between the people of Bastar and their goddess, Maa Danteshwari. As you explore the history of Bastar Dussehra, you’ll find that it’s more than just a festival—it’s a living tradition that has been preserved and cherished for centuries.